China and Russia are increasingly influencing Africa, capitalizing on anti-Western sentiments and filling the void left by the diminishing influence of Western European powers, particularly France. Through economic power and military services, both nations are becoming the new patrons in Africa amidst a backdrop of coups and the threat of regional wars. The significant investments and military involvement by China and Russia contrast with the waning presence of France and other Western powers, which are criticized for their historical colonial legacy and current inability to support democratic initiatives due to their own internal issues and focus on other global crises.
Arikana Chihombori-Quao, former ambassador of the African Union in Washington, criticizes Western interference in Africa, highlighting a common sentiment on the continent.
China and Russia exploit anti-Western feelings in Africa, using economic and military strategies, respectively, to extend their influence.
A series of recent coups in countries like Sudan, Chad, Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso, and Guinea mark a significant shift away from European influence, notably France.
France’s declining influence in its former colonies is underscored by the coup in Gabon and the inability of French President Emmanuel Macron to protect deposed leaders allied with France.
China’s economic expansion in Africa is highlighted by the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, the ‘One Belt and One Road’ initiative, and significant loans and infrastructure projects that have improved African economies but also led to concerns about debt traps.
Russia’s influence is mainly through military cooperation and the notorious activities of the Wagner Group, supporting authoritarian regimes in exchange for access to natural resources.
The U.S. and the European Union are attempting to counterbalance China and Russia’s growing influence with their own initiatives like the Build Back Better World (B3W) and investment packages, though these efforts face challenges amidst the focus on the war in Ukraine and an energy crisis.
Despite the retreat of Western powers, Africa’s rich resources, including minerals, oil, and natural gas, remain a significant interest for external powers, indicating a continuing and potentially intensifying struggle for influence on the continent.
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