Hantavirus continues to be a subject of public health monitoring due to its potential for severe illness in humans. Primarily transmitted through contact with infected rodents or their waste, the virus can lead to serious respiratory and renal complications. While outbreaks are typically localized and sporadic, health officials stress the importance of preventive measures, such as rodent control and the safe cleaning of infested areas. Despite concerns about its spread, human-to-human transmission remains extremely rare, occurring primarily through environmental exposure to viral particles.
- Hantaviruses are primarily carried and transmitted by various rodent species, including mice and rats.
- Transmission to humans typically occurs through the inhalation of aerosolized particles from rodent urine, droppings, or saliva.
- The virus can cause severe health conditions, such as Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) or Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS).
- Human-to-human transmission is not a standard characteristic of the virus, though rare exceptions have been recorded in specific South American strains.
- Preventive measures focus on sealing entry points for rodents in homes and using disinfectants when cleaning areas where rodents have been present.
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"You can sit on a flight and won't get inflected" YET A STEWARDESS IS SICK IN HOSPITAL NOW 🙂 She wasn't on the ship. EVERYONE READ DR MICHAEL GREGER'S book " HOW TO SURVIVE A PANDEMIC." WASH YOUR HANDS, EAT ZINC, WEAR MASKS IN CROWDS. If 1 life can be saved it's worth the precautions. If you don't agree, you are a sociopath.
If people do their job right, it'll be contained. If not, if it's not contained, it's intentional
Huh, China
How successful was tracking the people who disembarked in St Helen and those who were on the plane with the sick wife?
Novel nanoparticle therapy using manganese could improve cancer treatment
A research team led by the University of Michigan College of Pharmacy and the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center has developed a new type of nanoparticle therapy that could make cancer immunotherapy safer and more effective. The researchers say they've created a promising new treatment called CRYSTAL, short for Crystal-like STING-Activating nanoassemblies, by engineering a new nanoparticle that moves through the blood safely to target tumors but without triggering inflammation, which can lead to a range of negative side effects.
Their discovery, which they say represents the next generation of immunotherapies and signals a new way of thinking about medicine design (that is, how the drug is built is as important as what it's made of), is detailed in a research paperpublished in Science.
The study focused on the human immune system's natural tools that recognize and destroy cancer cells. One important pathway is called cGAS-STING, which acts like an alarm system detecting danger and triggering responses that help the body attack tumors. Scientists have long tried to harness the pathway and limit its downsides, such as overstimulation of the immune system and the need for direct injection to tumors.
"While the STING pathway is very powerful, turning it on safely in patients has been a major challenge," said senior author James Moon, the J. G. Searle Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences at the U-M College of Pharmacy. "We wanted to find a way to strongly activate the immune system without causing harmful side effects."
Moon and colleagues found a solution by using manganese, a naturally occurring metal, to organize small immune-activating molecules into tiny, highly ordered particles. They then coated them with a fatty layer to enable them to travel safely through the bloodstream.
CRYSTAL produced a strong, sustained immune activation at doses far lower than those required for conventional approaches. The findings highlight the possibilities of nutritional elements, in this case manganese, in cancer treatment.
The researchers tested the new nanoparticle across multiple tumor models, including advanced triple-negative breast cancer in vivo.
Preclinical studies showed that CRYSTAL nanoparticles sparked a powerful immune response that reduced or eliminated tumors—even large, advanced ones—without triggering the cytokine storm seen with other forms of immunotherapy. That storm can lead to side effects like inflammation and weight loss.
"We are achieving immune activation without systemic immune inflammation," Moon said. "This is the first time we're seeing such responses. We're very excited about that."
The researchers say the work represents a new way of thinking about medicine design and the next generation of immunotherapies. In addition to improving cancer treatments, they believe this approach may also be applied to other immune-related diseases.
"Our findings show that how a drug is built can be just as important as what it is made of," said first author Xingwu Zhou, a graduate student in pharmaceutical sciences. "By arranging these molecules in a precise way, we can change how they behave in the body."
"This work highlights how nutritional elements can be harnessed to fine-tune the magnitude of type-I interferon activation, a primary defense system evolutionarily conserved from humans to sea urchins," said Yu Leo Lei, a longtime collaborator formerly at the U-M School of Dentistry and now associate professor of head and neck surgery at UT MD Anderson.
Lei's group has made seminal contributions to the fundamental understanding of how metabolism and nutritional elements regulate the STING-IFN-I pathway and to the development of critical, high-fidelity head and neck squamous cell carcinoma models to test
USA is screwed
The cause and foundation of the problems is Italy and France Paris and America,, in jesus mighty name Amen,,, Salam Aleikum,, wa Aleikum Salam
This fear is irrational if Argentina has been dealing with cases regularly without any outbreaks.